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Thymalin
Also known as: Thymic Factor, Thymalin Extract
A thymic peptide extract studied for immune system modulation and anti-aging properties, primarily in Russian clinical research.
Overview
Thymalin is a peptide preparation derived from calf thymus extract, containing a complex of polypeptides with molecular weights up to 10,000 Da. Developed in Russia, it has been used clinically there for immunomodulation since the 1970s.
Research has focused on its ability to restore immune function, particularly T-cell mediated immunity, and its potential anti-aging properties.
Mechanism of Action
Thymalin is thought to restore the functional activity of the thymus gland and normalize the ratio of T-lymphocyte subpopulations. It may stimulate cellular and humoral immunity, enhance phagocytosis, and modulate interferon production. The exact molecular mechanisms are not fully characterized due to its complex composition.
Biological Pathways
Research Findings
Russian clinical studies spanning several decades report immunomodulatory benefits in immunodeficient patients, post-surgical recovery, and elderly populations. A notable longitudinal study in elderly patients reported potential mortality reduction. However, these studies generally do not meet current international standards for clinical evidence. Western peer-reviewed literature is limited.
Risks & Safety Concerns
Animal-derived product with potential for allergic reactions. Quality control may vary between preparations. Long-term safety data from rigorous international studies is lacking. Risk of contamination in non-pharmaceutical-grade preparations.
Regulatory & Legal Status
Approved in Russia for immunodeficiency treatment. Not approved by FDA or EMA. Available as a research peptide in some jurisdictions.
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